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Political Concepts
A Working Paper Series of the Committee on Concepts and Methods
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| Airo Hino & Ryosuke Imai, "Rating versus Ranking: A Critical Re-examination of Post-materialist Values," September 2008 |
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| Abstract | This paper aims to put the classic debate on ranking and rating methods in survey research into retest by re-examining the famous Inglehart batteries of post-materialist value orientation. To this end, we applied an experimental design of split-sampling for both ranking and rating items. The ‘ranking vs. rating’ debate revisits, on one hand, the oft-neglected danger with ranking measurement that factor analysis becomes biased due to its ipsative property, and, on the other hand, the danger of ‘response set’ bias in rating measurement. By applying the recent techniques to control for the negativity bias of ranked items and for the positivity bias of rated items, the paper compares the results of value dimensions of Inglehart’s twelve batteries. The results suggest that the post-materialist dimension and the materialist dimension are positively correlated for both ranking and rating data after controlling for the biases. These findings are contradictory to Inglehart’s value dimension in which post-materialists and materialists are polarised at opposite poles. Based on these empirical findings, we argue that Inglehart’s theorisation of one-dimensional value cleavage is an artifact undergirded by
his ranking batteries coupled with the biased factor analysis. |
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C&M
The Committee on Concepts and Methods
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